Assessment of prescription pattern and cost effective analysis of oral hypoglycemic agents used in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Original Article

Author Details : Maha George Manapurthu*, Deepashree C , Roopali Pradeep, Maria Nivedha

Volume : 12, Issue : 1, Year : 2024

Article Page : 68-76

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jpbs.2024.011

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Abstract

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus treatment that is cost-effective not only ensures rational drug use but also lowers patient costs. When a cost-effectiveness tool is used correctly in therapeutic decision making, the disease's complications are reduced, and the patients' quality of life is improved. This study aims to evaluate the prescribing patterns and to carry out cost effective analysis for Oral Hypoglycaemic agents used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methods: A Prospective, observational study was carried out in the out-patient department of a Diabetes Specialty Centre-Bangalore for a period of 9 months. Individuals aged 18 and above and clinically diagnosed with T2DM with or without HTN and dyslipidaemia were considered eligible for the study. Individuals who were on Insulin for management and those with other types of Diabetes were excluded from the study.
Results: A total of 274 prescriptions were evaluated. The majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 60 years and older (55%). Prevalence of Diabetes were found to be more in men (53%) when compared to women (47%). Most of the study subjects were diagnosed with HTN + T2DM (35%) followed by T2DM+HTN+ Dyslipidaemia (27%). The average number of drugs per prescription were 2.04. It was observed that Sulphonylureas, Biguanides, Alphaglucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, Thiazolidinediones and SGLT2 inhibitors were the numerous drugs prescribed to the study population. Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) was calculated and it was found that DPP-4 inhibitors are cost effective in monotherapy while DPP-4 inhibitors+ Biguanides for double combination therapy and DPP-4 inhibitors+SGLT2 inhibitors + Biguanides in three combination was found to be cost effective.
Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that Metformin was most commonly prescribed among the OHA and DPP-4 inhibitors are cost effective. Polypharmacy is a big issue, especially for the elderly population. This study provides the baseline data for carrying out further researches on prescription patterns as well as cost effective analysis including all costs in health care settings.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Oral hypoglycaemic agents, Prescribing patterns, Cost effective analysis

How to cite : Manapurthu M G, Deepashree C, Pradeep R, Nivedha M, Assessment of prescription pattern and cost effective analysis of oral hypoglycemic agents used in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Pharm Biol Sci 2024;12(1):68-76

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